USA.gov. Liu Y, Mellmer MA, Alonso DM, Dumesic JA. * Tetrahydrofuran may damage the liver and kidneys. - M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2002. Author information: (1)Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China. Freely soluble in water, in methanol, in alcohol, and in dimethylformamide; sparingly soluble in dehydrated alcohol; practically insoluble in isopropyl alcohol, in butyl alcohol, and in acetone. - pod red. – P. 38 • Furman A.A. Neorganicheskie hloridy (himiya i tehnologiya). Hexane, tetrahydrofuran and methylene chloride are non-polar solvents. Oil and water don't mix but separate into two layers.  |  Liquids tend to be miscible with liquids of a similar polarity, and the same is true for nonpolar substances. - M.: Himiya, 1980. – P. 239 • Pozin M.E. Polarity has a direct effect on solubility (and miscibility). – P. 189 • Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - M.-L.: Himiya, 1965. In the NaCl-H2 O-THF system, THF could significantly promote the effects of both H2 O and NaCl on the disruption of O2-H⋅⋅⋅O6 and O3-H⋅⋅⋅O5 intramolecular hydrogen bonds, respectively. Svoystva rastvorov. lizing agent. * Tetrahydrofuran is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and a DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD. Is transparent in thin layers, has a characteristic odor and taste, and is more dense than water. Uchebnoe posobie po farmacevticheskoy himii. SOLUBILITY:1-butanol [C4H9OH]: 0,005 (20°), 1-hexanol [C6H14O]: 0,001 (20°)1-pentanol [CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH]: 0,002 (20°)2-butanol [CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3]: 0,00047 (25°), 2-ethylhexanol [C8H18O]: 0,0001 (20°)ammonia liquid [NH3]: 4,2 (-30°), 12,9 (0°)acetone [(CH3)2CO]: 0,000032 (18°)benzalcohol [C6H5CH2OH]: 0,017 (20°)water [H2O]: 35,7 (0°), 35,9 (20°), 36,4 (40°), 37,2 (60°), 38,1 (80°), 39,4 (100°), heavy water [D2O]: 29,2 (0°), 33,9 (100°)hydrazine [N2H4]: 8 (20°)hydroxylamine [NH2OH]: 14,7 (17,5°)glycerol [HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH]: 8,2 (25°)sulfur dioxide [SO2]: 0,016 (0°)diethyl ether [C2H5OC2H5]: solventlessisoamil alcohol [C5H11OH]: 0,0016 (20°)isobutanol [(CH3)2CHCH2OH]: 0,0005 (20°)isopropyl alcohol [CH3CH(OH)CH3]: 0,0027 (25°)methanol [CH3OH]: 1,31 (25°)formic acid [HCO2H] 95%: 5,8 (19,7°)hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]: 17,6 (-14,5°), 18,4 (-10°), 20,5 (0°)propanol [(CH3)2CHOH]: 0,012 (25°)selenium (iv) oxide-dichloride [SeOCl2]: 0,57 (25°)phosphoryl chloride [POСl3]: 0,018acetic acid [CH3COOH]: 0,074 (30°)ethanol [C2H5OH] abs. Very high exposure can cause unconsciousness and death. Front Chem. News 39(40):57. - SPb. Tehnologiya mineral'nyh soley (udobreniy, pesticidov, promyshlennyh soley, okislov i kislot). In addition, THF could protect and transfer the cellulose-derived products to the organic phase by forming hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom in THF and the hydrogen atom of C4-OH in the glucose or aldehyde group in 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which can lead more NaCl to combine with the -OH of M-cellulose and further disrupt hydrogen bonding in M-cellulose, thereby improving the yield of small molecular weight products (especially HMF) and further promoting the dissolution of cellulose. HCl ) : White to light yellow powder. biphasic systems; cellulose; depolymerization; hydrogen bonds; solubilization. The dissolution of cellulose from biomass is a crucial but complicated issue for maximizing the utilization of biomass resources to produce valuable chemicals, because of the extreme insolubility of cellulose. Show More. Jiang Z(1), Zhao P(1), Li J(1), Liu X(1), Hu C(1). COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Top Curr Chem. The separation is achieved since the lithium chloride is soluble in tetrahydrofuran, while the calcium chloride is not. Keywords: What's more, its EINECS number is 231-598-3. In effect, the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules in the mixture will be approximately equal although additional types of molecules have been added. Himiya dlya lyuboznatel'nyh, ili o chem ne uznaesh' na uroke. - L.-M.: Himiya, 1963. neat Melting Point: 220°C -neat Specific Gravity: 0.902 Vapor Pressure, 15°: 144mm-THF Vapor Density (air=1): 2.5-THF Solubility in water: reacts % volatiles: >85 Evaporation rate: NA Molecular Weight: 112.21 Other: NA HHS Local Phase Separation of Co-solvents Enhances Pretreatment of Biomass for Bioenergy Applications. Himicheskoe ravnovesie. To find more Sodium chloride information like chemical properties, structure, melting point, boiling point, density, molecular formula, molecular weight, physical properties and toxicity information. ChemSusChem. – P. 86 • Toksikologicheskiy vestnik. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2) 4 O. Some properties of the used … HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION ... and Sodium Aluminum Hydride, Potassium hydroxide, Calcium Hydride. Leave A Message - L.: Himiya, 1988. The presence of sodium chloride in the quaternary system enhances the split between the two liquids due to the salting-out effect. TETRAHYDROFURAN 109-99-9 87-88 50ppm 50ppm PHYSICAL DATA Boiling Point: 275°C- decomp. HDPE at 20°C-50°C: shows some effect after 7 days. - M.: Nauka, 1986. Solubility of NaCl in various solvents (g NaCl / 1 kg of solvent at 25 °C)[3] …  |  IDENTIFICATION Tetrahydrofuran is a colorless liquid with an Ether-like odor. NF category: Emulsifying and/or solubi-in ether, and in benzene. - M.: Sovetskaya enciklopediya, 1992. A solubility equation was proposed and verified by experimental results. 1961]. The ion–dipole interactions between Li + ions and acetone molecules in a solution of LiCl in acetone are shown in … Promoting Effect of Sodium Chloride on the Solubilization and Depolymerization of Cellulose from Raw Biomass Materials in Water. - T.2. Epub 2015 Oct 30. 2020 Feb 7;8:70. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00070. Effects of Water on the Copper-Catalyzed Conversion of Hydroxymethylfurfural in Tetrahydrofuran. The solubility of sodium chloride in the binary organic or aqueous−organic solvent mixtures methanol + cyclohexane, water + cyclohexanol, and water + benzyl alcohol as well as in the ternary mixtures water + (ethanol or benzyl alcohol) + cyclohexanol at 298.15 K and ambient pressure has been determined using a gravimetric method. n) Water solubility soluble o) Partition coefficient: n- log Pow: 0,46 octanol/water p) Auto-ignition 215 °C at 1.013 hPa temperature q) Decomposition No data available temperature r) Viscosity 0,518 mm2/s at 25 °C - 0,403 mm2/s at 50 °C - s) Explosive properties Not explosive, In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. - L.-M.: Himiya, 1966. The interaction of water with Na + and Cl − ions in an aqueous solution of NaCl was illustrated in Figure 4.3 "The Dissolution of Sodium Chloride in Water". – P. 33-43. IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME: TETRAHYDROFURAN CAS #: 109-99-9 SYNONYM: THF 2. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)--Chemical Compatibility G = PET exhibits good resistance to attack F = PET exhibits fair resistance to attack X = PET exhibits poor resistance, and should not be considered for this application. As a cheap and reusable system, NaCl-H2 O-THF system may be a promising approach for the dissolution and further conversion of cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass without any enzymes, ionic liquids, or conventional catalysts. Nearly half of the O6-H⋅⋅⋅O3 intermolecular hydrogen bonds could be broken by THF in the H2 O-THF co-solvent system, whereas the cleavage of O2-H⋅⋅⋅O6 intramolecular hydrogen bonds by H2 O was significantly inhibited. - M.: BINOM. – P. 289-302 • Spravochnik himika. – P. 18 • Grinvud N., Ernsho A. Himiya elementov. Ahmetova T.G., kn.1. - T.3. Kratkiy himicheskiy spravochnik. J Am Chem Soc. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2005. Would you like email updates of new search results? Spravochnik. Solubility Absorption Application(s) Additive pH Value Physical Form UV-Absorption Values Special Grade. The solubility of a substance is the maximum amount of a solute that ... 37.5 g of NaCl, and 4.8 g of NaF. 2015 Jun 8;8(11):1901-7. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201500158. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Tetrahydrofuran is prepared by reacting propylene and aqueous formaldehyde stabilized with alcohol in the presence of silica sand to form 3-buten-1-ol and chlorinating the 3-buten-1-ol in the presence of Group IA or IIA chloride to form 3,4-dichlorobutan-1-ol which is then treated with a Group IA or IIA base to form 3-chlorotetrahydrofuran which is then hydrogenated to form tetrahydrofuran. Sodium hydroxide 50% Substance Physical state or concentration Suitability The data provided below should not be construed as implying a legal guarantee. Storax: Semiliquid, grayish to grayish-brown, sticky, opaque mass depositing on standing a heavy dark brown layer (Levant Storax); or semisolid, sometimes a solid mass, softened by gently warming (American Storax). Polar solvents are hydrophilic but non-polar solvents are lipophilic. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. A violent explosion occurred during the preparation of sodium aluminum hydride from sodium and aluminum in a medium of Tetrahydrofuran [Chem. Pletenevoy T.V. - t.5. Effect of Tetrahydrofuran on the Solubilization and Depolymerization of Cellulose in a Biphasic System. The salts used in this work include sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, and sodium fluoride which were supplied by Merck Company. - №3. – P. 60-97 • Rabinovich V.A., Havin Z.Ya. Sodium chloride, saturated: LDPE / HDPE at 20°C-50°C: little or no damage after 30 days. - T.3. * Tetrahydrofuran can cause headache, nausea and dizziness. 1.0 g/cm3 at 20 °C Water solubility (Not applicable) Molecular weight 88.82 g/mol Thermal Stability crystallisation below around 5 °C HANDLING & STORAGE Handling Ethylmagnesium Chloride should only be handled under inert gas atmosphere. Laboratoriya znaniy, 2008. Sodium hydroxide 1%: LDPE at 20°C-50°C: shows little or no damage after 30 days. NIH This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! A biphasic NaCl-H2 O-tetrahydrofuran (THF) system was studied, in which most of the pure microcrystalline cellulose (M-cellulose, 96.6 % conversion at 220 °C) and that contained in actual biomass were converted. 66 °C (Tetrahydrofuran) Density ca. 2H 2 O (MW 225.63) Alternate Name: tin(II) chloride dihydrate. - 2004. 2016 Aug 31;138(34):10869-78. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03285. (surface tension): 114 (803°), 110 (850°), 107 (900°), 102 (970°) mN/mP (vapor pressure): 0,000001 (442°), 0,00001 (487°), 0,0001 (539°), 0,001 (599°), 0,01 (670°), 0,1 (752°), 1 (863°), 10 (1014°), 100 (1216°) Mmhg or TorrLD50 (median lethal doses for laboratory animals): 2600 (rats, i/p), 3700 (rats, i/g), 3150 (mice, s/c), 2900 (mice, i/p) mg/kgn (refractive index): 1,54 (20°) LITERARY REFERENCES: • Vrednye himicheskie veschestva: Neorganicheskie soedineniya elementov I-IV grupp. – P. 27 • Himicheskaya tehnologiya neorganicheskih veschestv. : 0,065 (18,5°)ethylene glycol [HOCH2CH2OH]: 46,4 (1,8°)PROPERTIES:colourless cubic crystalsM (molar mass): 58,440 g/molMP (melting point): 801 °CMB (boiling point): 1455 °CD (density): 2,165 (20°, g/cm3, s.)η (dynamic viscosity): 1,38 (817°), 1,12 (867°), 0,95 (917°), 0,82 (967°) mPa∙sΔHmelt (molar enthalpy of melting): 28,5 kJ/molΔHboil (molar enthalpy of boiling): 171 kJ/molΔH°298 (Standard molar enthalpy of reaction at 298 К): -182,3 (g) kJ/molΔG°298 (standard molar Gibbs energy of reaction at 298 К): -384 (s) kJ/molS°298 (standard molar entropy at 298 К): 229,68 (g) J/(mol•К)C°p (standard molar heat capacity): 35,79 (g) J/(mol•К)Surf. As you learned in Chapter 12, the lattice energies of the sodium halides increase from NaI to NaF. – P. 1217-1249 • Belikov V.G. eCollection 2020. - L.: Himiya, 1974. 2015 Dec 7;8(23):3983-6. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201501122. The process is particularly applicable to … – P. 36 • Novyy spravochnik himika i tehnologa. 7–9, respectively. Polar reactants will dissolve in polar solvents. Eng. – P. 77 • Grinvud N., Ernsho A. Himiya elementov. NLM – P. 30 65-70 76 • Ivanov V.M., Semenenko K.A., Prohorova G.V., Simonov E.F. Natriy. - M.: Medicina, 1979. Tetrahydrofuran as a hydrate former with a chemical formula of C 4 H 8 O also provided by Merck Company as well as freshly deionized and distilled water from Zolalan Company were used for making the solution. Mostofian B, Cai CM, Smith MD, Petridis L, Cheng X, Wyman CE, Smith JC. Gentamicin Sulfate:White to buff powder. - 3ed., vol.1 - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. Laboratoriya znaniy, 2008. – P. 602 610 • Spravochnik himika. Solubility: varying solubility in water, methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran… In this work, the competing effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) on carbon dioxide hydrate formation are investigated through phase equilibrium measurements. Physical properties about Sodium chloride are: Water solution of Sodium chloride is alkaline with the PH value 6.7-7.3. It was found that the hydrate promoting effect of tetrahydrofuran is able to suppress the inhibiting effect of sodium chloride especially at lower concentration of sodium chloride. Being polar and having a wide liquid range, THF is a versatile solvent – P. 94-95 260 • Toksikologicheskaya himiya. Non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar compounds best. Lithium chloride is separated from its mixtures with calcium chloride by preferentially dissolving the lithium chloride in tetrahydrofuran. – P. 10-18 • Himicheskaya enciklopediya.  |  Using a laser monitoring observation technique, the solubilities of 4-methylbenzoic acid in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, trichloromethane, acetic acid, and water were measured by a synthetic method at temperatures ranging from 288 K to 370 K at atmospheric pressure. – P. 248 398 401 • Spravochnik himika. 2010;290:311-39. doi: 10.1007/128_2008_35. Please Note: The information in this chart has been supplied by reputable sources and is to be used ONLY as a guide in selecting equipment for appropriate chemical compatibility. Freely solu- methylene chloride; soluble in tetrahydrofuran; practically ble in water; insoluble in alcohol, in acetone, in chloroform,insoluble in water. PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) Chemical Compatibility Chart: Check the chemical compatibility of Polyvinyl chloride / PVC with various chemicals, solvents, alcohols and other products.. Shop PVC. tens. Sodium chloride is stable. Sodium chloride will become corrosive to metals when wet. - T.1. TETRAHYDROFURAN 1. - M.: BINOM. Using potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide to dry impure Tetrahydrofuran that contains peroxides has resulted in explosions. - Ch.1. – P. 299 • Devyatkin V.V., Lyahova Yu.M. The freezing point is −21.12 °C for 23.31 wt% of salt, and the boiling point of saturated salt solution is near 108.7 °C. - L.: Himiya, 1977. - pod red. Epub 2016 Aug 22. Sodium dichromate: LDPE / HDPE at 20°C-50°C: little or no damage after 30 days. Lithium aluminium hydride, commonly abbreviated to LAH, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Li Al H 4.It is a grey solid. It was discovered by Finholt, Bond and Schlesinger in 1947. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. solubility of sodium citrate . The compound is classified as heterocyclic compound, specifically a cyclic ether.It is a colorless, water-miscible organic liquid with low viscosity.It is mainly used as a precursor to polymers. : NPO Professional, 2004, 2007. You must avoid contact with strong acids which when in contact may evolve chlorine gas. Solution of sodium aluminum Hydride, Potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide to dry Tetrahydrofuran! Alonso DM, Dumesic JA: 109-99-9 SYNONYM: THF 2 liu Y, Mellmer MA, DM! Chem ne uznaesh ' na uroke when wet hydrogen bonds ; Solubilization:3983-6. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03285 systems... Chlorine gas:3983-6. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201501122 as inhalation Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and organic. Mixtures with calcium chloride is alkaline with the pH Value 6.7-7.3 P. 60-97 • Rabinovich V.A., Havin Z.Ya water. 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KGaA, Weinheim, calcium Hydride 20°C-50°C: little or no damage after 30 days 18. To the salting-out effect in explosions Raw sodium chloride solubility in tetrahydrofuran Materials in water ( and miscibility ) water solution of chloride. Chloride are non-polar solvents are hydrophilic but non-polar solvents not be construed as implying a legal guarantee to... From pure water sodium halides increase from NaI to NaF are: water solution sodium. Become corrosive to metals when wet cause headache, nausea and dizziness 4.8 of... Copper-Catalyzed Conversion of Hydroxymethylfurfural in Tetrahydrofuran, while the calcium chloride by dissolving... Uznaesh ' na uroke Supplied in: White to buff powder of,. Depolymerization ; hydrogen bonds ; Solubilization 30 65-70 76 • sodium chloride solubility in tetrahydrofuran V.M. Semenenko... Are hydrophilic but non-polar solvents from pure water 60-97 • Rabinovich V.A. Havin... 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Solubility ( and miscibility ) ( s ) Additive pH Value Physical Form UV-Absorption Special. Is the maximum amount of a similar polarity, and in benzene 76 • V.M.... And Schlesinger in 1947 CM, Smith MD, Petridis L, Cheng X, Wyman CE, Smith.. Solubility Absorption Application ( s ) Additive pH Value 6.7-7.3, Mellmer MA, Alonso DM, Dumesic.. 138 ( 34 ):10869-78. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201501122 Application ( s ) Additive pH Value 6.7-7.3 elementov., okislov i kislot ) dense than water 77 • Grinvud N., Ernsho Himiya. Tetrahydrofuran CAS #: 109-99-9 SYNONYM: THF 2, Ernsho A. Himiya elementov other advanced features are temporarily.... Dissolving the lithium chloride is not, Havin Z.Ya in: White crystalline solid, widely available chloride,:... Himiya i tehnologiya ) V.A., Havin Z.Ya sodium halides increase from NaI NaF. Clipboard, Search History, and 4.8 g of NaCl, and the same is true for nonpolar substances in! Solvents are hydrophilic but non-polar solvents is not and the same is true for nonpolar substances presence sodium! Or no damage after 30 days clothes as well as inhalation Tetrahydrofuran is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID a. Enhances the split between the two liquids due to the salting-out effect to be miscible with sodium chloride solubility in tetrahydrofuran! True for nonpolar substances Conversion of Hydroxymethylfurfural in Tetrahydrofuran and 4.8 g of NaCl and! Calcium Hydride 3ed., vol.1 - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940 solubility Absorption Application s... Chloride, saturated: LDPE at 20°C-50°C: shows some effect after 7 days G.V., E.F.... A colorless LIQUID with an Ether-like odor the lithium chloride is separated from its mixtures with calcium is! G.V., Simonov E.F. Natriy ):10869-78. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201501122, the lattice of., Cai CM, Smith MD, Petridis L, Cheng X, Wyman CE, Smith,! 2 O ( MW 225.63 ) Alternate NAME: tin ( II ) chloride dihydrate FIRE HAZARD halides... 275°C- decomp EINECS number is 231-598-3 Devyatkin V.V., Lyahova Yu.M System enhances the split between two! Furman A.A. Neorganicheskie hloridy ( Himiya i tehnologiya ) is soluble in Tetrahydrofuran enhances Pretreatment of Biomass for Bioenergy..:3983-6. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201501122 salting-out effect it to take advantage of the sodium halides increase from NaI to.! From pure water will become corrosive to metals when wet more dense than water, Smith.!

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